Are the budgets calculated the same way in all countries? Or at least comparable?
I’ve heard that e.g. in Germany pensions for soldiers are not calculated as defence spending, because it’s just a regular pension, the same civilians also get. However in the US the department of defense is directly responsible for that so it counts as defense spending. However I have no idea if that is true or if that is already considered in the 2% figure.
The info graphic suggests that they use the different cooling rate of the first and second layer to lock in the applied magnetic field of heat assisted magnetic recording.
They beat both layers
They apply a magnetic field to save a “1” bit
Both layers are magnetized to a “1” bit
The first layer cools down and locks that bit into place permanently.
They apply the magnetic field to save a “0” bit
While the second layer is still hot and accepts the “0” orientation of the magnetic field, the first layer is already too cold and will not change its magnetization.
The second layer cools down and locks that bit into place.
Neat!